Canberra – A new study published in The Lancet Psychiatry found that one in 127 people globally – approximately 61.8mn individuals – are on the autism spectrum, nearly doubling previous estimates.

The research, conducted by Australian institutions including the University of Queensland and University of Sydney, used 2021 data to provide updated figures.

The findings highlight a significant gender disparity, with autism prevalence twice as high in men compared to women. This gap is attributed to delayed or missed diagnoses in girls, whose symptoms may present differently, as well as potential genetic factors.

The study also found autism to be most common in individuals under 20 years old. The increase in prevalence from the 2019 estimate of one in 271 people is primarily due to methodological improvements, which excluded studies that likely underestimated autism rates.

Researchers emphasise the need for better global epidemiological data and stress the importance of early detection and support for autistic individuals and their caregivers. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition characterised by challenges in social communication, sensory processing, and repetitive behaviors, varying in severity.

Early diagnosis and tailored support can significantly improve outcomes for those on the spectrum, the study concluded.