Spain – The Spanish government has officially prohibited United States military aircraft involved in combat operations against Iran from entering its airspace. This directive, announced by Defence Minister Margarita Robles in Madrid, further extends existing restrictions that previously limited American access to jointly operated military bases on Spanish soil. Minister Robles confirmed that Spain will not authorise the use of its sovereign territory or facilities for any actions related to the ongoing war in Iran, noting that while combat missions are barred, emergency flights will remain exempt from the ban.

This strategic shift necessitates significant rerouting for US military logistics and strike teams operating in the region. Supporting the decision, Economy Minister Carlos Cuerpo stated that the move underscores Spain’s refusal to provide assistance for a conflict launched unilaterally and in defiance of international law. The diplomatic tension has been exacerbated by Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez’s consistent criticism of the US-Israeli military campaign, which has prompted threats of trade retaliation from the Trump administration.